In this direction we additionally observed metabolic changes to prevent the production of ROS: (i) downregulation of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle ( BC1251*, BC3833*, BC3834*, BC1790*, BC0466*, BC1712*, BC0466 *), including Complex II of the electron transport chain (BC4516*, BC4517*), which supplies two electrons to ubiquinone (Fig
F., Ozog, D., Lim, H
In some embodiments, the otic formulation or composition comprises about 0.9% by weight of the viscosity modulating agent(s)
Crucially, in an LPS-induced mouse model of acute lung injury, treatment with compound 25L significantly alleviated pulmonary inflammatory infiltration and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-), providing direct pharmacological evidence supporting the hypothesis that P2Y14R inhibition alleviates lung inflammation (Ma et al., 2025)