This observed neuroprotective effect of HGF on dopaminergic (DA) neurons meshes with its ability to augment the proliferation and migration of dopaminergic progenitor cells (Lan et al., 2008) The neuroprotective effect of the HGF on the nigrostriatal pathway, however, should be no surprise given its recognized role in stem cell regulation, the development of tubular structures (Santos et al., 1993) and its general proliferative, anti-apoptotic, motogenic, and morphogenic actions on many cell types including hepatocytes and cells of epithelial origin (Gherardi et al., 1993)
Proteasome activators, PA28alpha and PA28beta, govern development of microvascular injury in diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy
PET studies suggest dysfunction in the thalamocortical pathways in patients with chronic migraine, potentially contributing to migraine chronicity (34)
Years ago, I started taking a vitamin B12 supplement